Στην βιολογία, το περιβάλλον μπορεί να καθοριστεί σαν ενα σύνολο κλιματικών, βιοτικών, κοινωνικών και εδαφικών παραγόντων που δρουν σε έναν οργανισμό και καθορίζουν την ανάπτυξη και την επιβίωση του. Έτσι, περιλαμβάνει οτιδήποτε μπορεί να επηρεάσει άμεσα τον μεταβολισμό ή τη συμπεριφορά των ζωντανών οργανισμών ή ειδών, όπως το φως, ο αέρας, το νερό, το έδαφος και άλλοι παράγοντες. Δείτε επίσης το άρθρο για το φυσικό περιβάλλον και τη φυσική επιλογή.
Στην αρχιτεκτονική, την εργονομία και την ασφάλεια στην εργασία, περιβάλλον είναι το σύνολο των χαρακτηριστικών ενός δωματίου ή κτιρίου που επηρεάζουν την ποιότητα ζωής και την αποδοτικότητα, περιλαμβανομένων των διαστάσεων και της διαρρύθμισης των χώρων διαβίωσης και της επίπλωσης, του φωτισμού, του αερισμού, της θερμοκρασίας, του θορύβου κλπ. Επίσης μπορεί να αναφέρεται στο σύνολο των δομικών κατασκευών. Δείτε επίσης το άρθρο για το δομημένο περιβάλλον.
Στην ψυχολογία, περιβαλλοντισμός είναι η θεωρία ότι το περιβάλλον (με τη γενική και κοινωνική έννοια) παίζει μεγαλύτερο ρόλο από την κληρονομικότητα καθορίζοντας την ανάπτυξη ενός ατόμου. Συγκεκριμένα, το περιβάλλον είναι ένας σημαντικός παράγοντας πολλών ψυχολογικών θεωριών.
Στην τέχνη, το περιβάλλον αποτελεί κινητήριο μοχλό και μούσα εμπνέοντας τους ζωγράφους ή τους ποιητές. Σε όλες τις μορφές της Τέχνης αποτελεί έμπνευση και οι Καλές Τέχνες φανερώνουν την επιρροή οπού άσκησε σε όλους τους καλλιτέχνες με όποιο είδος Τέχνης κι αν ασχολούνται. Ο άνθρωπος μέσα στο περιβάλλον δημιουργεί Μουσική, Ζωγραφική, Ποίηση, Γλυπτική, χορό, τραγούδι, θέατρο, αλλά και όλες οι μορφές τέχνης έχουν άμεση έμπνευση από το περιβάλλον.

Τετάρτη 1 Μαΐου 2019

Oral Oncology

  1. CorrespondenceAbstract only

    Myoepithelial carcinoma with rhabdoid features in the maxillary sinus: Immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization analysis of a rare case

    Heitor Albergoni Silveira, Luciana Yamamoto Almeida, Cassiano Francisco Weege Nonaka, Pollianna Muniz Alves, ... Jorge Esquiche León
    In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 30 April 2019
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    Abstract

    Myoepithelial carcinomas of the head and neck are often located in the major salivary glands, notably in the parotid glands, being less frequent in the minor salivary glands. Noteworthy, myoepithelial carcinoma in the maxillary sinus is extremely rare. In fact, only five cases have been previously published to date. Here, we present, for the first time, a detailed immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization analysis of a SMARCB1 (INI-1)-intact myoepithelial carcinoma with rhabdoid features, expanding the histopathological spectrum of high-grade sinonasal carcinomas.

  2. ErratumFull text access

    Corrigendum to "Utility of CD8 score by automated quantitative image analysis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma" [Oral Oncol. 86 (2018) 278–287]

    D.J. Hartman, F.S. Ahmad, R.L. Ferris, D.L. Rimm, L. Pantanowitz
    In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 30 April 2019
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  3. CorrespondenceNo access

    Regression and long-term control after radiotherapy of carotid body paraganglioma – Are these still issues?

    Federico Ampil
    In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 30 April 2019
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  4. CorrespondenceNo access

    Concurrent oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas in couples

    Prashanth Panta, Mukund Seshadri
    In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 25 April 2019
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  5. CorrespondenceNo access

    Tooth mobility: A plausible predictor of bony margins

    Sameep S. Shetty, Vishal Rao, Akshay Kudpaje, Premalatha Shetty
    In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 24 April 2019
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  6. CorrespondenceAbstract only

    Sanctuary site central nervous system relapse-refractory DLBCL responding to nivolumab and lenalidomide

    Irappa V. Madabhavi, Swaroop Revannasiddaiah, Malay S. Sarkar, Mitul G. Modi
    In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 19 April 2019
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    Abstract

    Despite improvement in survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with the introduction of rituximab, central nervous system (CNS) relapse continues to represent a clinical challenge. In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the incidence of CNS relapse is only ∼5% in unselected cohorts. Immunotherapy is the treatment that either boosts the patient's own immune system or uses man-made versions of the normal parts of the immune system to kill lymphoma cells or slow their growth. We are presenting a thirty-eight year old man who, presented with neck nodes, axillary nodes, altered sensorium, abnormal body movements, unconsciousness, weight loss and, fever, with a past history of DLBCL in May 2008, treated with 6 cycles of CHOP and completed in November 2008. After 9 years in April 2018, the patient developed similar symptoms and treated with salvage chemotherapy with R-DHAP which was completed in September 2018. Post-treatment PET-CT showed partial metabolic response and we started external beam radiotherapy to initial bulky disease. After completion of radiotherapy, the patient was very reluctant for any type of therapy and went home. After one month he presented to us with persistent vomiting, abnormal body movements and, altered sensorium. On examination, his Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was E2V3M2 and he was admitted in Intensive Care Unit. The patient was managed with mannitol, dexamethasone, antiepileptics, antibiotics and other supportive care medicines. His brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was showing multiple heterogeneously enhancing lesions with surrounding vasogenic oedema and his cerebrospinal fluid analysis was positive for malignant cells. He was managed with triple intrathecal chemotherapy with methotrexate 12 mg, Cytarabine 50 mg, and Hydrocortisone 50 mg along with other supportive care medicines, and after 4–5 days he regained consciousness and he was able to talk and understand verbal commands. In view of improvement in general condition and performance status, we started biweekly triple intra-thecal therapy, and Inj. Nivolumab 3 mg per kg q 2 weekly. From the second cycle, we started Lenalidomide 10 mg once a day for 21 days with 7 days gap along with 2 weekly nivolumab and biweekly triple IT chemotherapy. After one month his CSF analysis was negative for malignant cells. Now he is on regular treatment with weekly IT chemotherapy, 2 weekly nivolumab and 3 weeks on and one week off lenalidomide. After 2 months of treatment, his MRI Brain was showing. At the time of submission of this article, he has completed the fifth cycle of immunotherapy and two cycles of lenalidomide. He was able to manage his daily ADL and able to walk with a stick. The patient tolerated immunotherapy, triple IT therapy and lenalidomide very well without much intolerable side effects. Therefore, we concluded that nivolumab and lenalidomide was well tolerated and exhibited antitumor activity in extensively pretreated patients with relapsed or refractory sanctuary site CNS B- cell lymphomas. Additional studies of Nivolumab and lenalidomide in these diseases are ongoing.

  7. CorrespondenceNo access

    Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and HPV-related head and neck cancer: What's next?

    F. De Felice, A. Polimeni, V. Tombolini
    In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 5 April 2019
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Alexandros Sfakianakis
Anapafseos 5 . Agios Nikolaos
Crete.Greece.72100
2841026182
6948891480
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