Abstract
We investigated the toxicity of selenium (Se) to the soil invertebrates Folsomia candida (Collembola) and Enchytraeus crypticus (potworm). Studies were designed to generate ecotoxicological benchmarks for developing ecological soil screening levels (Eco-SSLs) for risk assessments of contaminated soils. For the present studies, we selected Sassafras sandy loam (SSL), an aerobic upland soil with soil characteristics (low levels of clay and organic matter, soil pH adjusted from 5.2 to 7.1) that support high relative bioavailability of the anionic Se species that is typically found in aerobic soil. Se was amended into soil as sodium selenate, subjected to weathering-and-aging using 21 days of alternating cycles of air-drying/rehydration to 60% of the water holding capacity of the SSL soil, under ambient greenhouse conditions. Effective concentrations at 20 and 50% (EC20 and EC50) levels for production of juveniles (reproduction) were 4.7 and 10.9 mg of Se/kg of soil (dry mass basis), respectively for Collembola, and 4.4 and 6.2 mg/kg, respectively for the potworms. The data enabled the derivation of toxicity benchmarks, contributing to the development of a soil invertebrate-based Eco-SSL of 4.1 mg/kg for Se. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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